Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.

LUNGWORT    Fig. 10



 

General Appearance:  Large, 5-25 cm. (2-10 in), lobed or branched sheets; light greenish-brown when dry; bright green when wet; covered with a network of raised folds and depressions.

Thallus: Foliose, composed of broad, thin branches or lobes; the branches 0. 5-3 cm (0. 25-1. 5 in) wide and 1-2 mm (.04-. 08 in) thick.  Upper surface smooth on young branches becoming powdery on old ones; pale greenish-tan when dry, becoming bright green when wet. Lower surface mottled white and tan;  tan areas covered by fine yellowish hairs (use a hand lens). The thallus is attached at a central point and the branches are easily lifted from the bark. 

Apothecia:  (Fig. A)  Sometimes present on older thalli, 1-4 mm (.04-. 15 in) across tan to chocolate brown with a thin, pale thalline margin.

Soredia: (Fig. B) Present, usually in lines of soralia following the margin of a lobe or along a fold.

Isidia:  Sometimes developing in soralia of older thalli.

Comments:  This large green lettuce-like lichen with its puckered thallus is easily recognized.  It contains, in addition to the green algae which make its food, packets of  blue-green algae which fix nitrogen in the same way that bacteria in the roots of legumes do.